history of photography and the camera
Photography : Greek; derived from the word photos("light") and graphein ("to draw")
This word was first used by John F.W. Herschel, a scientist, in 1839 as a way to record images by light action, or radiation on sensitive material. The first camera, the pinhole camera also called the Camera Obscura, was designed by Alhazen. Alhazen had great authority in optics.
This word was first used by John F.W. Herschel, a scientist, in 1839 as a way to record images by light action, or radiation on sensitive material. The first camera, the pinhole camera also called the Camera Obscura, was designed by Alhazen. Alhazen had great authority in optics.
The history of the Photograph
First lasting photograph.
During the summer of 1827 Joseph Nicephore Niepce took the first photographic image with the camera obscura. Before Niepce the camera obscura was used for drawing purposes and not for making photographs. Niepce was the first to use the camera obscura for photography purposes, he used them to make heliographs or sun prints. The first semi-successful photograph was by Joseph Nicephore Niepce. Made with a paper covered with silver chloride, which darkens when put into sunlight. Niepce did not know how to remove the unaffected silver chloride, which caused the photograph to be semi-permanent and eventually darken. Later he used a wooden box camera made by Charles and Vincent Chevalier. His first permanent photograph was made in 1828 buy coating a pewter plate in bitumen, asphalt, and exposing the plate in the camera.
Louis Daguerre and Joseph Niepce invented the first practical method of photography in 1836, it was called daguerreotype. Niepce died before this invention was finished . Daguerre covered a copper plate with a coat of sliver. Then he treated it with an iodine vapor and fixed it with a salt solution. A man named Henry Fox Talbot perfected their invention and called it the calotype in 1840. It was made with a sensitized plate/sheet of paper placed in front of a viewing screen to record the image.
In 1855 Desire van Monckhoven but was not used until the development of the gelatin dry plate by Richard Leach Maddox, in 1871. Cameras were then hand held and able to be concealed. There were various types of cameras produced during this time.
Louis Daguerre and Joseph Niepce invented the first practical method of photography in 1836, it was called daguerreotype. Niepce died before this invention was finished . Daguerre covered a copper plate with a coat of sliver. Then he treated it with an iodine vapor and fixed it with a salt solution. A man named Henry Fox Talbot perfected their invention and called it the calotype in 1840. It was made with a sensitized plate/sheet of paper placed in front of a viewing screen to record the image.
In 1855 Desire van Monckhoven but was not used until the development of the gelatin dry plate by Richard Leach Maddox, in 1871. Cameras were then hand held and able to be concealed. There were various types of cameras produced during this time.
The birth of film
The first use of the photographic film was by George Eastman. He began manufacturing paper film during 1885. Before, he started to the celluloid, which meant that thin strips of celluloid were cut up and were heated with pressure plates to remove the slice marks, they were then coated with a photosensitive gelatin emulsion. Eastman's first camera, he called "Kodak", which he sold in 1888. "Kodak" was a simple box camera with fixed focus lens and a single shutter speed. "Kodak" came pre-loaded with film to take 100 exposures and had to be sent back to the factory to be reloaded when all 100 exposures were finished. He took it one step further to make another camera called the "Brownie," which was just as simple as the "Kodak" but introduced the snapshot. It was very popular till about the 1960's. in Oskar Barnack developed the 35mm cine film for still cameras but he was also trying to build a compact camera. he had a prototype built in 1913 but any other further development was delayed because of World War l. The first practical reflex camera was called the Franke & Heidecke Rolleiflix in medium format TRL, made in 1928. Both the cameras, were single and twins lenses and have been available for yeasr, maybe even decades... They did not achieve very much popularity because they are too bulky. Another similar revolution was the SLR, the design began in 1933. It used 127 rollfilm. More conventional cameras became more sophisticated and new cameras with new appearances were showing up on the market in 1948. The worlds first viable instant picture camera was the Polaroid Model 95, it was designed by Edwin Lind. The first camera to have automatic exposure was the selenium light-meter, which was the fully automated Super Kodak Six-20 pack. The next advance in the camera was in 1960 when a German Mec 16 SB subminiature which was the first camera to have a light meter behind the lens, this feature was later a common component on SLR's.
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